Role of IT in Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of IT in Business Management - Essay Example These are namely: (Angell, 1991) Information technology has helped organizations in managing their resources efficiently and to produce the maximum throughput. Information technology has become an integral part of any organization small or big. This is due to the fact that any organization will have to make critical decisions when it comes to marketing. Information technology when implemented in the following areas of business plays a big role in improving the organization's market hold: Supply Chain Management: Any organization has to take important decisions regarding their products as to what to supply, how much to supply, how to supply and where to supply. Supply chain management can be divided into three main flows: Product Flow, Information Flow and Finance Flow. All this information is stored in databases and data warehouses. This information retrieved and fed to SCM application programs to be analyzed. SCM software has algorithms to determine the best way to fill an order and to track the product status, etc. E-Commerce: Many people nowadays prefer buying products over the internet rather than buying from a retail outlet. Organizations can use internet to sell their products which reduces the paper as well as the manual work to a large extent.

How to keep a romantic relationship in long distance via social media Essay

How to keep a romantic relationship in long distance via social media and phones - Essay Example This paper explains the various theories that have been proposed to hinder long distance relationships and how in my interpersonal encounters, they have been overcome. Relationships for different people have different meanings. Most people get invested in the other person too early in the relationship and end up giving up when things do not go the way they want to. The key to a successful relationship is keeping a check and balance on your expectations. The rest of the necessities can be taken care of by the various mechanical devices that have been invented and discovered for the ease of communication. My romantic relationship has been going strong since the last five years, thanks to the efficient communication with the help of social media and mobile phones. It has been postulated that most of the difficulty arises in being unable to see your partner. This is because it fosters uncertainty, which may lead to distrust and disloyalty, and spoil the relationship sooner or later. This complication usually arises either during the early phases of a relationship, when the feelings of apprehension and skepticism may take over logic. It may also arise over a span of few years, since partners tend to get tired of long distances over long spans of time and need a way to either reduce the distance, time, or suffer termination of the relationship. Phones are an important means of bridging this gap, as are increasingly popular internet applications such as Skype, Viber, imo, etcetera. If you designate a particular time in the day when you can use either of these to have some time conversing with the person you are involved with, or share precious moments ranging from birthdays and anniversaries, to joys and sorrows such as getting employment or losing a family member. The face to face communication offers not only a way out for the frustrations that result due to the distance, but also eases doubts that result due to the social expectations out of a

Role of IT in Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of IT in Business Management - Essay Example These are namely: (Angell, 1991) Information technology has helped organizations in managing their resources efficiently and to produce the maximum throughput. Information technology has become an integral part of any organization small or big. This is due to the fact that any organization will have to make critical decisions when it comes to marketing. Information technology when implemented in the following areas of business plays a big role in improving the organization's market hold: Supply Chain Management: Any organization has to take important decisions regarding their products as to what to supply, how much to supply, how to supply and where to supply. Supply chain management can be divided into three main flows: Product Flow, Information Flow and Finance Flow. All this information is stored in databases and data warehouses. This information retrieved and fed to SCM application programs to be analyzed. SCM software has algorithms to determine the best way to fill an order and to track the product status, etc. E-Commerce: Many people nowadays prefer buying products over the internet rather than buying from a retail outlet. Organizations can use internet to sell their products which reduces the paper as well as the manual work to a large extent.

State Of Blacks During Jim Crow Era Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

State Of Blacks During Jim Crow Era - Essay Example The term â€Å"Jim Crow† in the history of America is often related with the rigid segregation or exclusion of Blacks. The word ‘Jim Crow’ actually referred to black character in an old song. The period 1881 to 1964 marked the era of Jim Crow in the American history. Jim Crow era reflects Jim Crow laws separating black from white races in America. Since its inception, the term Jim Crow witnessed extensive usage as an orientation to practices, laws or institution that ascend from physical separation of black people from white people. The major purpose of Jim Crow laws was to separate black from white races as a measure to promote equal treatment (Tischauser 1-3). Jim Crow laws incorporated numerous practices of segregation. Jim Crow laws were primarily aimed at promoting equal treatment to Black African American people but the laws were criticized on several grounds. As a consequence of Jim Crow laws, Blacks were subjected to segregation in courtrooms and cemeteries, on trains and in sanatoriums among others. They were barred from public and private institutions such as restaurants, parks, libraries, public pools and hotels. Jim Crow segregation affected almost all aspects of Blacks. For instance, many courtrooms during Jim Crow era followed specific Jim Crow bibles for Black people and varied significantly from one used for white people. During Jim Crow era, Blacks were confronted with humiliation and dehumanizing practices.

Extracurricular Activities in School Essay Example for Free

Extracurricular Activities in School Essay An ideal school gives to students the scope and the spirit of healthy competition — to excel at all levels. Class work and the home work given by teachers have their academic importance; in this also one who excels wins the praise and appreciation from the teachers. But academic distinctions alone do not fulfill all the purpose for which the school exists. A school is the workshop of life-building in which the raw material is the nascent young pupils. The Principal, the teachers are molders of this raw material into the ideal mold. For this process, many more activities, other than vroom ones are needed to fulfill the purpose. A young pupil might have the potential and the natural Lent to excel in games and sports and he needs to go to play field and the sports ground for the purpose. There can be students whose natural bent of mind is towards creative art and the art room is his field where he needs to be given the chance to exhibit his potential. Even little children of the nursery or the primary classes can draw such lines and make such figures which may amaze an on-looker and may be led to exclaim —’What an idea, how could he imagine this?’ One cannot and does not know how much talent in what direction lies in a child’s brain. This can only come out when he or she is given that opportunity. The school has to provide such chances and explore out the pearls from the sea-depths of the young mind. Art competitions of different level of students are activities that need to be arranged and the excellence in that to be rewarded and encouraged. There are boys and girls who have a knack of oration. They have in them an amount of self-confidence that they can face spectators and audience. Elocution contests and debates offer them the chance to exhibit this latent talent of theirs. Such inter-class or inter-school competitions should regularly be held which would further them to become good debaters — who knows, they may one day become parliamentarians and what they have gained during their school days may place them in good stead in that field. Cultural shows; dramatics performances, mono- acting’s are events which schools generally hold and it so necessary for schools to hold them. That is also at of total education. Taking part in such events gives children a sense of self-confidence and embellishes their accomplishments which they possess or can even develop. Anything, any activity which helps in the development of the total personality of young boy or girl is a part of  education and competitions, the effort to excel from others, is an incentive which must be provided to a young mind. Such an opportunity is offered to them only through such cultural and extra-curricular activities Opening up of personality; developing the latent talents- promotion of the intellectual effort and an opportunity of healthy competition — all these are factors which an educational institution should always encourage — only when it does this, it fulfills its role in the total education of the young.

Network Security and Vulnerability Threat Table

Network Security and Vulnerability Threat Table LAN Security Is the local area network that access control using the private VLANs and its a networking device within a small geographical area. They are not safe and secure compared to other networks because its easy to access the WLAN security compared to others its more of convenience over security thus it will help business and IT organizations to improve on their network by providing suitable choices for WLAN security for organizations to have a safe WLAN in their working place they must have procedures that outlines forms of double connections that are allowed in the work place for security purposes, also to consider security and its impacts to other networks for instance theWLAN ,to have client devices and APs,also to perform attack and vulnerability monitoring respectively to support this type of network and lastly to carry out a regular assessment about WLAN security in the organization. The wireless system helps devices to connect to the computer minus them being connected to the network,WLAN consists of client devices for examples the laptops and the access points(APs),the APs connect client devices with distributing system(DS) and DS its the only way by which client devices can pass information or communicate with LAN and other networks. Also we have wireless switches that help the WLAN is administrators to manage it. WLAN Architecture It has the following components including the client devices,APs and the wireless switches, this part tries to show the importance of having a standard mechanism of security   thus providing recommendations for implementing, evaluating and maintaining those configurations of the client devices. The architecture of an organization should be standard when it comes to the issues of security configurations because it provides a base for security thus reducing the vulnerabilities and consequences of attacks that might be successful, it will improve the consistency and predictability of security. The following makes up WLAN architecture: roaming, microcells, infrascture, and independent. Independent WLAN is the simplest one which consists a group of computers that are equipped with client adapter and access points are not necessary in this case. Infrastructure WLAN consists of wireless stations and access points combined with DS that help roaming and mediating wireless network traffic. Microcells and roaming; a microcell is an area coverage for an   AP,they help users to move between   access points without having to log in again and restarting the applications again, for roaming to work, access points must have a way of exchanging information as a user connect Threats of WLAN The following explains the security threats of WLAN that are likely to happen: eavesdropping, spoofing and denial of service A) Eavesdropping Involves attack against the confidentiality of data that is transmitted across the network, eavesdropping is a big threat because the attacker can intercept the transmission over air from a distance that is away from the organization B) Spoofing It is where the attacker could gain access to data and resources in the network by assuming the identity of a valid user this is because some networks do not authenticate the source address thus the attackers may spoof MAC addresses and hijack sessions. C) Denial of service This is where the intruder floods the network with either genuine or fake information affecting the availability of the network resources, WLAN are very vulnerable against denial service attacks due to the nature of the radio transmission. LAN Security Is a wireless networking device within a small locality that access control using the private VLANs. Identity management Is the system discipline whereby the right people access the right and valid information at the right moments and for good particular reasons. Physical security Its the protection of the hardware, software, networks, and data from actions that could cause loss or damage to an organization for instance theft. Personal security Availability Is the quality or state of information or data of being available and easily accessed. Privacy Is the state of a person to seclude himself or herself, or information about him or her, so its the procreation of information or confidentiality of data. Cyberattactks in tabular format Type of attack Effect Malware Its a computer code that a malicious function, used to destroy   or steal private data in a computer. Password attacks They attack on cracking a person or user is password so that the attacker may obtain access to a secured system. Denial of service Focuses on the interruption of a network service when an attacker sends volumes of traffic to the network that is targeted. The following will be employed to mitigate the above types of attacks on the computer: Threat intelligence reports, are documents that describe types of system and information that is on mission or the one being targeted and information important to the organization. We have security alerts that are notifications about the current vulnerabilities and some security concerns. Tool configuration is the recommendations for mechanisms that support the exchange, analyzing, and the use of threat information. Indicators can also be used, they suggest or tell that an attack is imminent or its underway for instance we have the IP. Plan of protections openStego-its a free steganography that has the following functions: Data hiding where it can hide data within a cover file watermarking files with an invisible signature. Quickstego -helps someone to hide text in pictures so that its only users of quickstego who can be able to retrieve and go through those messages. Oursecret -enables the user to hide text files for instance images and videos thus suitable for sending confidential information. Veracrypt -it adds enhanced security to the algorithms used for system and partions encryption making it immune to new developments in brite-force attacks. Axcrypt -it integrates seamlessly with windows to compress, encrypt, decrypt, store, send, and work with individual files. GPG-it enables to encrypt and sign data, communication, as well as access modules for all public directories. Cryptographic mechanisms to organization Cryptographic is writing is in secret code within the context of any application and these are the requirements for it; Authentication, privacy, intergrity, and non-repudiation They include:schannel CNG provider model,ECC cipher suites,AES cipher suites and the default cipher suite preference. so the basic mechanism is to covert data into   cipher text form and then again into the decipherable when it gets into the user. Encryption and decryption is the main mechanism which works and ensures free flow of data within the system. Benefits The use of using public keys enables individuals to convert data into the encrypted form. Used to hide crucial important and vital information. Helps in preventing leakage of vital data from a network Helps in the authentication of users over the transfer or flow of data in electronic way. Risks associated with these are that they make the problem of general key recovery difficult and expensive and too insecure and expensive for many applications and users as large. File encryption tools Veracrypt, axcyrpt, Bitlocker, GNU Privacy Guard and 7-zip File encryption method We have the following methods; exceptions, syntax, remarks and security Results of the encryption files They provide an overview and pointers to resources on EFS They also point to the implementation strategies and best practices Encryption technologies Shift/Caesar cipher-its a tool that uses the substitution of a letter by another one further in the alphabet. Polyalphabetic cipher-is a cipher that is based on substitution using the multiple substitution alphabets. Perfect cipher-these are ciphers that can never be broken even with after an unlimited time. Block ciphers-is an algorithm deterministic that operates on fixed-length groups of bits. Triple DES-is a symmetric-key block cipher that applies the DES algorithm three times to the data bits in the system. RSA-is a public-key in the cryptosystems and is used for the transmission of secure data. Advanced encryption standard-its a cipher based on the substitution-permutation network and works fast in both the hardware and software. Symmetric encryption-these are the algorithms that uses the same cryptographic keys for both encryption and decryption of the cipher text. Text block coding-are the family of error-correcting codes that do encode data in bits. Information hiding and steganography-is the process of concealing a file, video, image or file. Digital watermarking-is the practice of hiding digital information in a carrier signal in the system. Masks and filtering-masks show which of the part of the message is displayed. Description security architecture of the organization It has the following components including the client devices,APs and the wireless switches, this part tries to show the importance of having a standard mechanism of security   thus providing recommendations for implementing, evaluating and maintaining those configurations of the client devices. The architecture of an organization should be standard when it comes to the issues of security configurations because it provides a base for security thus reducing the vulnerabilities and consequences of attacks that might be successful, it will improve the consistency and predictability of security. The following makes up WLAN architecture: roaming, microcells, infrascture and independent. Independent WLAN is the simplest one which consists a group of computers that are equipped with client adapter and access points are not necessary in this case. Infrastructure WLAN consists of wireless stations and access points combined with DS that help roaming and mediating wireless network traffic. Microcells and roaming a   microcell is an area coverage for an   AP,they help users to move between   access points without having to log in again and restarting the applications again, for roaming to work, access points must have a way of exchanging information as a user connect. the cryptographic means of protecting the assets of the organization Cryptographic is writing is writing in secret code within the context of any application and these are the requirements for it; Authentication,privacy,intergrity and non-repudiation They include: schannel CNG provider model, ECC cipher suites, AES cipher suites and the default cipher suite preference. so the basic mechanism is to covert data into   cipher text form and then again into the decipherable when it gets into the user. Encryption and decryption is the main mechanism which works and ensures free flow of data within the system. Benefits The use of using public keys enables individuals to convert data into the encrypted form. Used to hide crucial. important and vital information. Helps in preventing leakage of vital data from a network Helps in the authentication of users over the transfer or flow of data in electronic way. the types of known attacks against those types of protections Password attacks-its a third party who tries to get access of information by cracking the password. Malware-codes with malicious intent to steal data or destruction of the computer system. DOS attacks-it majors on or targeting disruption of the network and can be prevented by keeping the system secure. Strong passwords are the only way against this attack. Malware should be avoided by doing away with links to unknown users. How to ward off the attacks Malware-avoid clicking and downloading attachments from unknown users. Phishing-through verification of any requests from organization via email over the business phone. Passwords attacks-use of strong passwords DOS attacks-the system of the organization to be kept secure with software updates. Encryption Technologies Data Hiding Technologies and Shift/Caesar cipher-its a tool that uses the substitution of a letter by another one further in the alphabet. Polyalphabetic cipher-is a cipher that is based on substitution using the multiple substitution alphabets. Perfect cipher-these are ciphers that can never be broken even with after an unlimited time. Block ciphers-is an algorithm deterministic that operates on fixed-length groups of bits. Triple DES-is a symmetric-key block cipher that applies the DES algorithm three times to the data bits in the system. RSA-is a public-key in the cryptosystems and is used for the transmission of secure data. Advanced encryption standard-its a cipher based on the substitution-permutation network and works fast in both the hardware and software. Symmetric encryption-these are the algorithms that uses the same cryptographic keys for both encryption and decryption of the cipher text. Text blocks coding-are the family of error-correcting codes that do encode data in bits. Information hiding and steganography-is the process of concealing a file, video, image, or file. Digital watermarking-is the practice of hiding digital information in a carrier signal in the system. Masks and filtering-masks show which of the part of the message is displayed. Network security vulnerability and threat table above Common Access Card Deployment Strategy How identity management can be part of security program and CAC deployment plan Identity management involves telling what the user can do to certain devices at a given time. Identity management can be part of the program because of its reasons well known for instance: increasing security, also production while decreasing the cost and effort. The program tools of identity management need to run as application towards a server because it defines the type of user and devices allowed to work on a certain network this for it to be part of the program, must depend on alerts, reports, policy definition and alarms Thus offering directory integration and connection of the wireless and non wireless users and meeting almost the operational and security requirements. Deployment plan of the common access control Can come for different reasons so as to deploy and enforce the authorization policy for instance: The organization -wide authorization policy   that is driven from compliance level of organizational requirement.also departmental authorization policy where they have some special data handling the requirements that would be passed to various department. Then the specific data management relating to compliance and targeting at the   protection of the right access of information. Email Security Strategy Types of public-private key pairing Public keys may be disseminated widely but private are only known to user owner. This makes two functions-the authentication when public key is used to verify or show a private user sent a message and encryption where the holder of the private key can decrypt the message. Authentication-is when the public key is used to verify that a holder of the paired private key sent the message. Non-repudiation-its an attribute of communication that seeks to prevent the occurrence of the untrue or false denial of involvement by either party because it provides the originator of data with credible evidence showing information was received as it was addressed. Hashing -its used to index and retrieve items in database because it is faster to find an item through the use of shorter hashed key thus hashing being the transformation of a string of characters into a shorter fixed length than the original size. This added security benefit will ensure integrity of messaging by: Speeding being high   this is when the number of entries is large because maximum number of entries can be predicted in advance so that the bucket array can be allocated once also one may reduce the average lookup cost by a careful choice of the hash function and even the internal data   of structures. Pretty Good Policy-its a program that is used to encrypt and decrypt email over the internet as well as to authenticate digital messages with signatures the stored files that are already encrypted. GNU privacy Guard-its an encryption software program since it uses the combination of conventional symmetric-key cryptography for speed. Public key infrastructure -its a cryptography key that enables the distribution and the identification of the public encryption keys thus enabling the devices to exchange data securely over various networks. Digital signature -its an electronic signature that can be used to authenticate the identity of the person sending the message. Mobile device encryption-they help mitigate security risks whereby data must be encrypted while it is in transit and when in storage. How to use smartcard readers tied to computer systems Smartcard are the credit-sized plastic cards that do contain the circuit card that are integrated they can be deployed together with readers to provide user authentication and the non-repudiation for wider range of security purposes. A single smart card can be issued to each network user so as to provide a single set of credentials for logging to remote networks. Complexibility of cost and technical of email encryption strategic to security benefits The following elements must be considered: The basics because encryption is a process that is based on the cipher that makes or ensures information is hidden.Aslo choosing what to encrypt because it will be part of the risk management and the planning process of data governance. The three states of data in order for data to be secure from data in motion to data at rest and last data in use. Recommendation Smart card can be deployed together with readers to provide user authentication and the non-repudiation for wider range of security purposes. A single smart card can be issued to each network user so as to provide a single set of credentials for logging to remote networks A deployment plan   its a step to step on what need to happen in the last stage in the email security strategy, for a deployment plan to be effective the following must be put into consideration: Layered application that deals with the design management dependencies  Ã‚   between components also the people who structure application layers should not be same again to structure the hardware infrastructure. Reference Atul.kahate, cryptography, and Network security Tata mc Graw.Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2003 E .kranakis primarily and cryptography, Wiley, 1986

Cloning - Ethics or Life? Essay examples -- Argumentative Persuasive

Cloning: Ethnics or Life? Â   Â   Walking into a small hospital room you notice two small boys. As you observe the diagnostic papers on the young boys' bedposts you suddenly become guilt stricken. The darker haired boy on the right has liver cancer, but thankfully there is hope for this young boy, since he is on a very efficient liver donor program. In two days, Sam, as we will call him, will be receiving a clean and pure liver that will grant him a life as normal and healthy as any other young man. On the other hand the boy in the adjacent small, white hospital bed is not so lucky. We'll call this boy William. William is suffering from a spinal cord injury that occurred in a motor vehicle accident a few days earlier. This injury left William paralyzed and slowly he will deteriorate and die, while his family and friends wait and watch helplessly. Life is not out of the question for young William though, but the technology and science that will save his life is illegal in the United States. The knowledge and abil ity to clone a new spinal cord for William and send him too on his way to a normal life is there, but the ability to access this new science is not. So you play god for a moment and tell this young kid's parents why their son must die while his new friend in the bed next to him will live. Â   Cloning is a process in which one or more individual plants or animals are produced that are genetically identical to another plant or animal (Robinson 2). Cloning has been used since the late 1970's, and was designed to take genetically "perfect" animals and clone them to produce better food for humans (Robinson 3). The idea and wonder always was there, though, of weather we should and could clone a human being. This issue of... ...and Re-Engineering. [online] available: http://cac.psu.edu/ ~gsg109 / qs/ em01003.html. February/29/1996 Brush, Dr. P. "Ethical Concerns" Human Cloning and Re-Engineering. [online] available: http://cac.psu.edu/ ~gsg109/qs/em 01005.html. February/26/1996 "Can and Should We Clone Humans", [online] available: http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~mchorost/e306/cloning.htm. ] December/3/2000 Contran, R. "Cancer Resource Center" Welcome to the American cancer Society's Cancer Resource Center [online] available: http://www.cancer.org/cancerinfo/load_cont.asp?ct=1&doc=3&language=english March/24/2000 "Excite Health Center" Cancer [online] available: http://adam.excite.com/ info/?id=001289. December/14/2000 Robinson, Bruce A. "What is cloning?" Ethical Aspects of Human Cloning. [online] available: http://www.religioustolerance.org/cloning.htm#what. October/12/1997